Table 3 Carrier-mediated combination of chemotherapy drugs and mAbs
| Carrier design (Structure/injection route) | Chemotherapy agent | mAbs | Tumor type | Synergic actions and advantages of NPs in the combination | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HDL nanodiscs (ApoA1 mimetic peptide or phospholipidsa/IV) | DOX | anti-PD-1 | Colon adenocarcinoma |
Significant regression of colon carcinoma tumors and inhibition of tumor relapse in mice compared to monotherapy or carrier-free dual therapy Induction of long-lasting immunity and delayed tumor growth with no obvious off-target side effects Recruitment of the highest number of CD8α+ T cells into the TME and development of systemic antigen-specific CD8α+ T cell responses | [164] |
| Denderimer NPs (G4-PAMAM) | mAb against HER-2, Trastuzumab | Breast cancer |
Remarkable cellular uptake, cytotoxic effect, and significant internalization of conjugates to the HER-2 positive cells Synergistic therapeutic effect and enhanced selectivity compared to free drugs and PAMAM-trastuzumab, indicating that DOX dose and thus the cardiotoxicity caused by DOX could be reduced | [165] | |
| Hybrid NPs (Enzyme and pH dual-sensitive micelle-liposome/IV) | PTX | PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor HY19991 |
Significant anti-cancer efficacy and high tumor inhibition and lung metastasis suppression rate Increased T cells infiltration in tumor tissues and decrease in cancer stem cell population Prolonged survival time of mice | [166] | |
| Denderimer NPs (G4-PAMAM-PEG/IV) | mAb against HER-2, Trastuzumab | Increased therapeutic efficacy of the conjugate in animal models | [167] | ||
| Lipid NPs (pH-sensitive liposomes) | DTX | Anti-PD-L1 blocking antibody | Melanoma |
Significant tumor inhibition via high selectivity Activation of tumor-specific CTLs High anti-proliferation efficacy and prolonged survival time | [168] |
| hydrogel NPs (ROS-responsive hydrogel/Peritumoral) | GEM | Anti-PD-L1 blocking antibody | Melanoma and breast cancer |
Induction of an immunogenic tumor phenotype and immune-mediated tumor regression Excellent tumor inhibition and intratumoral infiltration of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells Reduction of tumor-infiltrating MDSCs | [169] |